FELICITYc

=Indus Valley = Indus Valley civilization is also known as the Harappan Civilization. The location of this ancient civilization is in modern-day India along the Indus River. This advanced society contained many remarkable achievements. The Indus Valley people built their cities based on a grid system. They developed a sophisticated city planning system. Inside the city was an area called the citadel. All of the buildings were made out of oven-made bricks, which proved to be better made than the sun-baked bricks found in Mesopotamia. Surrounding the entire city were strong earthen levees, which kept the flood waters out of their villages. Another achievement in the Harappan Civilization is the advanced systems of plumbing and sewage that the Indus people developed.

Harappan culture was mainly influenced by agriculture. This civilization did develop a written language, but it is the only ancient written language that hasn't been deciphered. Animals, a significant part of agriculture, were a major part of the culture. They have been seen on many toys, pottery, small statues, and stamps found in the area.

Religion was closely tied to the Indus civilization. Artifacts have been found that connect their religion to modern Hinduism. Figures that relate to Hindu gods have been discovered that have now become integrated into the later Indian civilization.

Due to the location of India, the Indus Valley people were able to conduct a thriving trade. It began as early as 2600 B.C. and continued until 1800 B.C. Harappans were an integral link to the seas, and were able to trade with many of the ancient civilizations such as Mesopotamia.

Around 1750 B.C., the Indus Valley civilization declined. many factors may have affected their downfall. Satellite images have shown movement in tectonic plates, which may have caused earthquakes, floods, or altered the course of the Indus River. Another theory is that the once fertile soil in the valley became exhausted fro overuse. Another theory is the arrival of the nomadic Aryans, who came to the Indus Valley around 1500 B.C.


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